在電氣布線工程中，電纜橋架作為電纜敷設(shè)的重要載體，其寬度的合理選擇直接關(guān)系到電纜的安裝、維護(hù)以及系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性。

　　In electrical wiring engineering, cable trays are an important carrier for cable laying, and the reasonable selection of their width directly affects the installation, maintenance, safety, and reliability of the cable system.

　　一、計(jì)算電纜的總截面積

　　1、 Calculate the total cross-sectional area of the cable

　　（一）確定單根電纜截面積

　　（1） Determine the cross-sectional area of a single cable

　　不同規(guī)格的電纜具有不同的截面積，可通過查閱電纜的產(chǎn)品規(guī)格書獲取相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。例如，常見的銅芯電力電纜，3×10mm2 規(guī)格表示三根橫截面積為 10 平方毫米的銅芯電纜。在計(jì)算時(shí)，對(duì)于多芯電纜，需將每芯的截面積相加，得到單根電纜的總截面積。如上述 3×10mm2 電纜，單根電纜的總截面積就是 30mm2 。

　　Different specifications of cables have different cross-sectional areas, and relevant data can be obtained by consulting the product specifications of the cables. For example, a common copper core power cable with a 3 × 10mm 2 specification refers to three copper core cables with a cross-sectional area of 10 square millimeters. When calculating, for multi-core cables, the cross-sectional area of each core needs to be added up to obtain the total cross-sectional area of a single cable. The total cross-sectional area of a single cable, such as the 3 × 10mm 2 cable mentioned above, is 30mm 2. ? 

　　（二）計(jì)算電纜總截面積

　　（2） Calculate the total cross-sectional area of the cable

　　統(tǒng)計(jì)需要敷設(shè)的電纜數(shù)量，將每根電纜的截面積相加，得出電纜的總截面積。例如，某工程需要敷設(shè) 10 根 3×10mm2 的電纜和 5 根 3×25mm2 的電纜，先分別計(jì)算出兩種規(guī)格電纜單根的截面積，再乘以數(shù)量后相加。即：10×30mm2 + 5×（3×25mm2） = 300mm2 + 375mm2 = 675mm2。這就是該工程中電纜的總截面積。

　　Count the number of cables that need to be laid, add up the cross-sectional area of each cable to obtain the total cross-sectional area of the cable. For example, a certain project requires laying 10 cables of 3 × 10mm 2 and 5 cables of 3 × 25mm 2. First, calculate the cross-sectional area of each cable of the two specifications separately, then multiply the quantity and add them up. Namely: 10 × 30mm 2+5 × (3 × 25mm 2)=300mm 2+375mm 2=675mm 2. This is the total cross-sectional area of the cables in this project. 

　　二、考慮電纜敷設(shè)的填充率

　　2、 Consider the filling rate for cable laying

　　電纜橋架內(nèi)電纜的填充率是選擇橋架寬度的重要依據(jù)。相關(guān)規(guī)范規(guī)定，電力電纜在橋架內(nèi)的填充率不宜超過 40%，控制電纜的填充率不宜超過 50%。這是為了保證電纜有足夠的散熱空間，避免因電纜過于密集導(dǎo)致熱量積聚，影響電纜的使用壽命和安全運(yùn)行。

　　The filling rate of cables in cable trays is an important basis for selecting the width of the tray. According to relevant regulations, the filling rate of power cables in cable trays should not exceed 40%, and the filling rate of control cables should not exceed 50%. This is to ensure that the cable has sufficient heat dissipation space and avoid heat accumulation caused by overly dense cables, which may affect the service life and safe operation of the cable. 

　　根據(jù)前面計(jì)算出的電纜總截面積，結(jié)合允許的填充率，可反推出所需橋架的非常小有效截面積。假設(shè)上述工程中敷設(shè)的均為電力電纜，按照 40% 的填充率計(jì)算，所需橋架的非常小有效截面積為 675mm2÷40% = 1687.5mm2。

　　Based on the total cross-sectional area of the cable calculated earlier, combined with the allowable filling rate, the minimum effective cross-sectional area of the required cable tray can be inferred. Assuming that all the cables laid in the above project are power cables, calculated at a filling rate of 40%, the minimum effective cross-sectional area of the required cable tray is 675mm 2 ÷ 40%=1687.5mm 2.

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