電纜橋架往往安裝在建筑外露天場所，是支撐和安放電纜必不可少的一部分，在安裝電纜橋架的過程中要遵循哪些質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及注意事項(xiàng)？

　　Cable trays are often installed in outdoor areas outside buildings and are an essential part of supporting and placing cables. What quality standards and precautions should be followed during the installation of cable trays?

　　一、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　1、 Quality standards

　　1、金屬梯架、托盤或槽盒本體之間的連接應(yīng)牢固可靠，與保護(hù)導(dǎo)體的連接應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定 ：

　　1. The connection between metal ladder frames, trays or trough boxes should be firm and reliable, and the connection with protective conductors should comply with the following regulations:

　　①梯架、托盤和槽盒全長不大于30m時(shí)，不應(yīng)少于2處與保護(hù)導(dǎo)體可靠連接；全長大 于30m時(shí)，每隔20m?30m應(yīng)增加一個(gè)連接點(diǎn)。起始端和終點(diǎn)端均應(yīng)可靠接地。

　　① When the total length of the ladder, tray, and trough box is not more than 30m, there should be no less than 2 reliable connections with the protective conductor; When the total length is greater than 30m, a connection point should be added every 20m to 30m. Both the starting and ending ends should be reliably grounded.

　　②非鍍鋅梯架、托盤和槽盒本體之間連接板的兩端應(yīng)跨接保護(hù)聯(lián)結(jié)導(dǎo)體，保護(hù)聯(lián)結(jié)導(dǎo)體的截面積應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。

　　② The two ends of the connecting plate between the non galvanized ladder frame, tray, and trough box body should be bridged with protective connecting conductors, and the cross-sectional area of the protective connecting conductors should meet the design requirements.

　　③鍍鋅梯架、托盤和槽盒本體之間不跨接保護(hù)聯(lián)結(jié)導(dǎo)體時(shí)，連接板每端不應(yīng)少于2個(gè) 有防松螺帽或防松墊圈的連接固定螺栓。

　　③ When the galvanized ladder frame, tray, and trough box body do not cross connect the protective connecting conductor, there should be no less than 2 connection fixing bolts with anti loosening nuts or anti loosening washers at each end of the connecting plate.

　　2、電纜梯架、托盤和槽盒轉(zhuǎn)彎、分支處宜采用專用連接配件，其彎曲半徑不應(yīng)小于梯架、托盤和槽盒內(nèi)電纜小允許彎曲半徑，電纜小允許彎曲半徑應(yīng)符合下表規(guī)定：

　　2. Special connection fittings should be used at the turning and branching points of cable ladders, trays, and troughs. The bending radius should not be less than the minimum allowable bending radius of cables inside the ladder, tray, and trough. The minimum allowable bending radius of cables should comply with the following table:

　　3、電纜橋架安裝應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：

　　3. The installation of cable trays shall comply with the following regulations:

　　①直線段鋼制電纜橋架長度超過30m,鋁合金或玻璃鋼制電纜橋架長度超過15m,應(yīng)設(shè)置伸縮節(jié)；

　　① If the length of a straight steel cable tray exceeds 30m, or if the length of an aluminum alloy or fiberglass cable tray exceeds 15m, expansion joints should be installed;

　　②電纜橋架跨越建筑物變形縫處應(yīng)設(shè)置補(bǔ)償裝置；

　　② Compensation devices should be installed at the deformation joints where cable trays cross buildings;

　　③當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)無要求時(shí)，電纜橋架水平安裝的支架間距為1.5?3m；垂直安裝的支架間距不大于2m；

　　③ When there are no design requirements, the spacing between the brackets for horizontal installation of cable trays is 1.5? 3m; the spacing between vertically installed brackets shall not exceed 2m;

　　④橋架與支架間螺栓、橋架連接板螺栓固定緊固無遺漏，螺母位于橋架外側(cè)；

　　④ The bolts between the bridge and the bracket, as well as the bolts of the bridge connecting plate, are securely fastened without any omissions, and the nuts are located on the outside of the bridge;

　　⑤當(dāng)鋁合金橋架與鋼支架固定時(shí)，相互間應(yīng)有絕緣隔離措施(兩者之間加絕緣墊)。

　　⑤ When aluminum alloy cable trays are fixed with steel supports, insulation isolation measures should be taken between them (insulation pads should be added between the two).

　　4、 電纜橋架敷設(shè)在易燃易爆氣體管道和熱力管道的下方，當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)無要求時(shí)，與管道的小凈距，符合下表的要求：

　　4. The cable tray is laid under flammable and explosive gas pipelines and thermal pipelines. When there are no design requirements, the minimum clear distance from the pipeline shall meet the requirements in the following table:

　　5、 敷設(shè)在豎井內(nèi)和穿越不同防火區(qū)的橋架，按設(shè)計(jì)要求位置，應(yīng)有防火隔堵措施。

　　5. Cable trays laid in vertical shafts and crossing different fire zones should have fire isolation measures in accordance with the design requirements.

　　6、 支架與預(yù)埋件焊接固定時(shí)，焊縫飽滿；膨脹螺栓固定時(shí)，選用螺栓適配，連接緊固, 防松零件齊全。

　　6. When welding and fixing the bracket and embedded parts, the weld seam should be full; When fixing expansion bolts, use bolts that are compatible, securely connected, and have complete anti loosening parts.

　　5、橋架內(nèi)電纜敷設(shè)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：

　　5. The cable laying inside the bridge should comply with the following regulations:

　　①大于45°傾斜敷設(shè)的電纜每隔2m處設(shè)固定點(diǎn)。

　　① Fixed points shall be set every 2 meters for cables laid at an angle greater than 45 degrees.

　　②電纜出入電纜溝、豎井、建筑物、柜(盤)、臺處以及管子管口處等做密封處理。

　　② Cable entry and exit cable trenches, vertical shafts, buildings, cabinets (panels), platforms, and pipe openings shall be sealed.

　　③電纜每隔3m應(yīng)懸掛標(biāo)示牌，轉(zhuǎn)彎處必須設(shè)標(biāo)志牌。

　　③ Cable signs should be hung every 3 meters, and signs must be set up at turns.

　　④電纜敷設(shè)排列整齊，水平敷設(shè)的電纜，首尾兩端、轉(zhuǎn)彎兩側(cè)及每隔5?10m處設(shè)固定 點(diǎn)。敷設(shè)于垂直橋架內(nèi)的電纜固定點(diǎn)間距，全塑型電力電纜，固定點(diǎn)間距不大于1.0m,除 全塑型外的電力電纜，固定點(diǎn)間距不大于1.5m；控制電纜，固定點(diǎn)間距不大于1.0m。 6.2.3電纜的首端、末端和分支處應(yīng)設(shè)標(biāo)志牌。

　　④ The cable laying is arranged neatly, with horizontally laid cables at both ends, turning sides, and every 5? Set a fixed point at 10m. The spacing between fixed points of cables laid in vertical cable trays, for all plastic power cables, should not exceed 1.0m. For power cables other than all plastic cables, the spacing between fixed points should not exceed 1.5m. For control cables, the spacing between fixed points should not exceed 1.0m. 6.2.3 Signs should be installed at the beginning, end, and branch of the cable.

　　二、注意事項(xiàng)

　　2、 Precautions

　　1、質(zhì)量問題

　　1. Quality issues

　　①固定橋架的支架或吊架的焊接處應(yīng)及時(shí)進(jìn)行防腐處理，以防銹蝕。

　　① The welding joints of the brackets or hangers for fixed cable trays should be promptly treated with anti-corrosion measures to prevent corrosion.

　　②固定金屬膨脹螺栓時(shí)，在鉆頭上做出深度標(biāo)記，嚴(yán)格控制鉆孔直徑和深度，以防膨脹 螺栓鉆孔過深過大，橋架固定不牢。

　　② When fixing metal expansion bolts, make depth marks on the drill bit, strictly control the drilling diameter and depth, to prevent the expansion bolt from drilling too deep or too large, and the bridge frame from not being firmly fixed.

　　2、問題

　　2. Security issues

　　①現(xiàn)場機(jī)具布置必須符合規(guī)范，機(jī)具擺放間距必須考慮操作空間，機(jī)具擺放整齊, 留出行走及材料運(yùn)輸通道。

　　① The layout of on-site equipment must comply with safety regulations, and the spacing between equipment placement must consider the operating space. The equipment should be neatly arranged, leaving pathways for walking and material transportation.

　　②登高安裝橋架時(shí)，應(yīng)使用梯子或腳手架進(jìn)行，并有相應(yīng)防墜落措施。

　　② When installing cable trays at heights, ladders or scaffolding should be used, and corresponding fall prevention measures should be taken.

　　③使用用電設(shè)備時(shí)，應(yīng)防止漏電；使用電焊機(jī)焊接時(shí)，應(yīng)戴好防護(hù)面具或護(hù)目鏡，以防燒傷。

　　③ When using electrical equipment, leakage should be prevented; When using an electric welding machine for welding, protective masks or goggles should be worn to prevent burns.

　　3、成品保護(hù)

　　3. Finished product protection

　　①電纜橋架安裝時(shí)，應(yīng)保持墻面和頂板的清潔。

　　① When installing cable trays, the walls and ceiling should be kept clean.

　　②電纜橋架及支架安裝完畢后，應(yīng)加以保護(hù)，以防其表面被污染或劃傷。

　　② After the installation of cable trays and brackets, they should be protected to prevent their surfaces from being contaminated or scratched.

　　③安裝金屬橋架線槽時(shí)，應(yīng)注意保持墻面的清潔。

　　③ When installing metal cable trays and trunking, attention should be paid to keeping the wall clean.

　　④電纜敷設(shè)完成后，橋架蓋板應(yīng)齊全平實(shí)，不得遺漏，并防止損壞和污染橋架。

　　④ After the cable laying is completed, the bridge cover should be complete and flat, without omission, and prevent damage and pollution to the bridge.

　　⑤室內(nèi)沿橋架或托盤敷設(shè)電纜，宜在管道及空調(diào)工程基本施工完畢后進(jìn)行，防止其他 施工時(shí)損傷電纜。

　　⑤ Indoor cable laying along cable trays or pallets should be carried out after the basic construction of pipelines and air conditioning engineering is completed to prevent cable damage during other professional construction.

　　⑥電纜兩端處的門窗裝好并加鎖，防止電纜丟失或損壞。

　　⑥ Install and lock the doors and windows at both ends of the cable to prevent cable loss or damage.

　　三、質(zhì)量記錄

　　3、 Quality records

　　1、 材料出廠合格證

　　1. Material factory certificate of conformity

　　2、 材料、構(gòu)配件進(jìn)場檢驗(yàn)記錄

　　2. Material and component entry inspection records

　　3、 設(shè)計(jì)變更、工程洽商記錄

　　3. Design changes and engineering negotiation records

　　4、 預(yù)檢記錄

　　4. Pre inspection record

　　5、 電纜橋架安裝和橋架內(nèi)電纜敷設(shè)檢驗(yàn)批質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收記錄

　　5. Quality Acceptance Record of Inspection Batch for Cable Tray Installation and Cable Laying inside the Tray

　　橋架通過不同材質(zhì)的特性，可以在多種復(fù)雜的環(huán)境下，保障電纜材料正常使用，防止出現(xiàn)坍塌的現(xiàn)象，但是前提是要保證橋架的安裝質(zhì)量。

　　Through the characteristics of different materials, cable trays can ensure the normal use of cable materials in various complex environments and prevent collapse, but the prerequisite is to ensure the installation quality of the cable tray.

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