到電纜橋架，想必大部分電氣人員都不陌生了。橋架又叫做電纜橋架，是建筑電氣工程中用于線纜的敷設，主要作用是保護、管理、支撐線纜或光纖。如下圖所示：

　　Most electrical personnel are probably familiar with cable trays. Cable tray, also known as cable tray, is used for laying cables in building electrical engineering. Its main function is to protect, manage, and support cables or optical fibers. As shown in the following figure:

　　在很早以前，我們的建筑工程很少使用到橋架或走線架產(chǎn)品，我們主要是以埋暗線的方式布線，這種布線有個比較嚴重的缺點，就是后期維護或者線纜升級比較麻煩，試想一下，一旦哪里線路不通或者需要新增線纜，我們就要撬開墻或地板。電纜橋架早是在改革開放期間又國引進技術和人才，才慢慢發(fā)展起來的。那么電纜橋架結構形式是什么？選用原則有哪些呢？下面我們一起來看看吧！

　　Long ago, we rarely used cable trays or wire racks in our construction projects. We mainly used buried wires for wiring, which had a serious drawback of being difficult to maintain or upgrade in the later stage. Imagine that once a line is not connected or new cables need to be added, we have to pry open the wall or floor. Cable trays were first developed during the reform and opening up period when technology and talent were introduced to China. What is the structural form of cable tray? What are the selection principles? Let's take a look together below!

　　01 電纜橋架的結構形式

　　Structural form of cable tray 01

　　(1)電纜橋架是梯級式、托盤式、槽式電纜橋架的總稱，按制造材料分為金屬橋架和高分子合金電纜橋架、普通塑料橋架。

　　(1) Cable tray is a general term for stepped, tray, and trough cable trays, which are divided into metal trays, polymer alloy cable trays, and ordinary plastic trays according to their manufacturing materials.

　　(2)按結構形式分為梯級式電纜橋架(簡稱:梯架)、托盤式電纜橋架(簡稱:托盤)、槽式電纜橋架(簡稱:槽盒)。

　　(2) According to the structural form, it can be divided into ladder type cable trays (referred to as ladder frames), tray type cable trays (referred to as trays), and trough type cable trays (referred to as trough boxes).

　　(3)梯架、托盤和槽盒各有優(yōu)缺點;梯架具有良好的通風性能，但不防塵、不防干擾。托盤、槽式具有防塵、防干擾性能，但散熱性能較差。

　　(3) Ladders, trays, and troughs each have their own advantages and disadvantages; The ladder frame has good ventilation performance, but it is not dustproof or anti-interference. Tray and trough type have dust-proof and anti-interference properties, but their heat dissipation performance is poor.

　　(4)電纜橋架在民用建筑中主要用于明敷布線。

　　(4) Cable trays are mainly used for exposed wiring in civil buildings.

　　02 梯級式電纜橋架(簡稱：梯架）

　　02 Cascade cable tray (referred to as ladder)

　　梯級式電纜橋架它具有重量輕、成本低、安裝方便、散熱、透氣好等優(yōu)點，適用于直徑較大電纜的敷設。在工業(yè)與民用建筑中、通常用于明敷布線系統(tǒng)。

　　The stepped cable tray has the advantages of light weight, low cost, easy installation, heat dissipation, and good ventilation, and is suitable for laying cables with larger diameters. In industrial and civil buildings, it is commonly used for exposed wiring systems.

　　梯架選用原則如下:

　　The principles for selecting ladder frames are as follows:

　　(1)普通電力電纜、通信電纜布線可采用梯架布線，但不可在的悶頂或吊頂內(nèi)敷設;

　　(1) Ordinary power cables and communication cables can be wired using ladder racks, but cannot be laid in enclosed ceilings or suspended ceilings;

　　(2)除950°C、3h的礦物絕緣電纜外，750°C、1.5h的耐火電纜不可采用梯架布線;

　　(2) Except for mineral insulated cables at 950 ° C for 3 hours, fire-resistant cables at 750 ° C for 1.5 hours cannot be wired using ladder racks;

　　(3)在強弱電豎井內(nèi)應優(yōu)先考慮采用梯架。

　　(3) Ladder frames should be given priority consideration in strong and weak current vertical shafts.

　　03 托盤式電纜橋架（簡稱：托盤）

　　03 Tray type cable tray (referred to as tray)

　　托盤式電纜橋架在工業(yè)與民用建筑中應用廣泛的一種。它具有重量輕、載荷大、造型美觀、結構簡單、安裝方便等優(yōu)點。

　　Tray type cable tray is the most widely used type in industrial and civil buildings. It has the advantages of light weight, large load capacity, beautiful appearance, simple structure, and easy installation.

　　既適用于較小直徑的強電電纜的安裝，也適合于弱電電纜的敷設。

　　It is suitable for both the installation of small diameter strong current cables and the laying of weak current cables.

　　工程中托盤有帶蓋和不帶蓋兩種敷設方式，無蓋托盤散熱性能好，但落灰塵清掃麻煩，通常用于無塵或少塵場所，否則應采用帶蓋托盤式橋架。

　　In engineering, there are two types of tray laying methods: covered and uncovered. The uncovered tray has good heat dissipation performance, but it is difficult to clean dust and is usually used in dust-free or low dust areas. Otherwise, the covered tray type bridge should be used.

　　托盤選用原則如下:

　　The principles for selecting pallets are as follows:

　　(1)普通電力電纜、通信電纜布線可采用托盤布線，但無蓋托盤不允許在悶頂或吊頂內(nèi)敷設;

　　(1) Ordinary power cables and communication cables can be wired using trays, but uncovered trays are not allowed to be laid in enclosed ceilings or suspended ceilings;

　　(2)750°C、1.5h的耐火電纜可采用有蓋托盤布線，但外殼要采取防火措施。

　　(2) Fire resistant cables with a temperature of 750 ° C and a duration of 1.5 hours can be wired using covered trays, but fire-resistant measures must be taken for the outer shell.

　　04 槽式電纜橋架(簡稱：槽盒)

　　04 Trough type cable tray (referred to as trough box)

　　槽式電纜橋架是一種全封閉型電纜橋架，其概念上與盤架的區(qū)別是高、寬比不同，托盤淺而寬，而槽盒則具有一定的深度。它適用于敷設計算機電纜、通信電纜及控制電纜等發(fā)熱較低的電纜布線。

　　Trough type cable tray is a fully enclosed cable tray, which conceptually differs from the tray in terms of height to width ratio. The tray is shallow and wide, while the trough box has a certain depth. It is most suitable for laying low heat cables such as computer cables, communication cables, and control cables.

　　金屬槽盒布線可使弱電電纜免受強電線路的干擾，塑料槽盒布線在潮濕和腐蝕性環(huán)境中可對電纜的防護有較好的效果。

　　Metal conduit box wiring can protect weak electrical cables from interference from strong electrical lines, while plastic conduit box wiring can provide good protection for cables in humid and corrosive environments.

　　槽盒通常用于明敷布線系統(tǒng)，選用原則如下:

　　Slot boxes are usually used for exposed wiring systems, and the selection principles are as follows:

　　(1)承載大電流的電纜不宜采用槽金布線，因其散熱性能較差，要考慮電纜的降容系數(shù);

　　(1) Cables carrying high currents should not be wired with slot gold because of their poor heat dissipation performance, and the cable's capacity reduction factor should be considered;

　　(2)成束電纜在吊頂內(nèi)敷設時，應采用封閉式橘盒或托盤，以提高防火性能。

　　(2) When laying bundled cables in suspended ceilings, enclosed orange boxes or trays should be used to improve fire resistance.

　　(3)當采用燃燒性能分級為B1級的電力電纜、通信電纜，在B1級封閉式電纜槽盒內(nèi)敷設時，可在無可燃物的網(wǎng)頂或吊頂內(nèi)敷設。

　　(3) When using power cables and communication cables with a combustion performance classification of B1 level, they can be laid in a B1 level enclosed cable tray, and can be laid in a non combustible mesh or suspended ceiling.

　　05 梯級式、托盤式、槽式電纜橋架各自優(yōu)缺點▼

　　05 Advantages and disadvantages of stepped, tray, and trough cable trays ▼

　　梯級式匯線橋架具有良好的通風性能，不防塵、不防干擾。槽式、托盤式匯線橋架具有防塵、防干擾性能。

　　The stepped cable tray has good ventilation performance, is not dustproof, and is not resistant to interference. The trough and tray type cable trays have dust-proof and anti-interference properties.

　　06 大跨距電纜橋架

　　06 Large span cable tray

　　當前大跨距電纜橋架一般是由拉擠玻璃鋼型材組裝而成，適用于電力電纜、控制電纜、照明電纜及配件等。與鐵制橋架相比，具有使用壽命長(一般設計壽命為二十年)、安裝方便且成本低(比重僅為碳鋼的1/4，施工中無需動火，單根橋架長度可達8m，甚更長)、切割方便不需維護等優(yōu)越性。

　　The current large-span cable trays are generally assembled from extruded fiberglass profiles and are suitable for power cables, control cables, lighting cables, and accessories. Compared with iron cable trays, it has advantages such as long service life (generally designed for 20 years), easy installation and low cost (with a specific gravity of only 1/4 of carbon steel, no need for hot work during construction, and a single cable tray length of up to 8m or even longer), convenient cutting and no maintenance required.

　　07 組合式電纜橋架

　　07 Combination cable tray

　　組合式電纜橋架是一種新型橋架，是電纜橋架系列中的第二代產(chǎn)品。它適用各項工程、各種單位、各種電纜的敷設，具有結構簡單、配置靈活、安裝方便、形式新穎等特點。

　　Composite cable tray is a new type of cable tray and the second generation product in the cable tray series. It is suitable for laying various projects, units, and cables, and has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible configuration, convenient installation, and novel form.

　　組合式電纜橋架只要采用寬100mm、150mm、200mm的三種基型就可以組成所需尺寸的電纜橋架，不需生產(chǎn)彎通、三通等配件就可以根據(jù)現(xiàn)場安裝任意轉向、變寬、分引上、引下。

　　The combination cable tray can be assembled into cable trays of the required size by using three basic types with widths of 100mm, 150mm, and 200mm. It does not require the production of bends, tees, and other accessories, and can be installed on site with arbitrary turning, widening, and branching up and down.

　　在任意部位、不需要打孔、焊接就可用管引出。它既可方便工程設計，又方便生產(chǎn)運輸、

　　Pipe can be used to lead out at any location without drilling or welding. It can facilitate both engineering design and production transportation

　　更方便安裝施工，是目前電纜橋架中理想的產(chǎn)品。

　　More convenient for installation and construction, it is currently the ideal product in cable trays.

　　08 電纜橋架技術要求

　　08 Technical requirements for cable tray

　　梯架、托盤、槽盒允許的小板材厚度見下表。

　　The minimum allowable plate thickness for ladder frames, trays, and trough boxes is shown in the table below.

　　(1)GB51348-2019《民用建筑電氣設計標準》

　　(1) GB51348-2019 "Electrical Design Standard for Civil Buildings"

　　(2)TCECS31-2017《鋼制電纜橋架工程技術規(guī)程》

　　(2) TCECS31-2017 Technical Specification for Steel Cable Tray Engineering