1、 Comprehensive layout of mechanical and electrical engineering pipelines

關(guān)注機(jī)電各單位末端管線的排布實(shí)施，比如線盒、各類明配管、通風(fēng)及電氣軟管、小口徑水管及其支、吊架等安裝。關(guān)注區(qū)域：設(shè)備機(jī)房、公共走道、電梯前室等，設(shè)備機(jī)房?jī)?nèi)墻體上的箱、盒、開(kāi)關(guān)、插座、管線等應(yīng)配合隔音降噪層完成面進(jìn)行敷設(shè)，要控制各工序的插入時(shí)段。

Focus on the layout and implementation of end pipelines in various mechanical and electrical units, such as the installation of wire boxes, various exposed pipes, ventilation and electrical hoses, small diameter water pipes and their supports and hangers. Key focus areas: equipment rooms, public walkways, elevator front rooms, etc. Boxes, boxes, switches, sockets, pipelines, etc. on the walls of the equipment room should be laid in conjunction with the completion surface of the sound insulation and noise reduction layer, and the insertion time period of each process should be controlled.

管線排布整齊有序、間距保持合理。管線敷設(shè)隨結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)渡流暢。管線油漆均勻光亮，標(biāo)識(shí)明確。

The pipeline layout is neat and orderly, and the spacing is maintained reasonably. The pipeline laying transitions smoothly with the structure. The pipeline paint is uniform and bright, with clear markings.

吊頂及管廊內(nèi)的管線綜合排布是機(jī)電安裝的難點(diǎn)，這些地方的標(biāo)高及空間有限，管線排布容易沖突。在布局時(shí)要同時(shí)考慮施工空間、設(shè)備安裝空間及日后的檢查維修空間（關(guān)注檢修口、檢修馬道的設(shè)置）。

The comprehensive layout of pipelines in suspended ceilings and pipe galleries is a difficulty in mechanical and electrical installation. The elevation and space in these areas are limited, and the layout of pipelines is prone to conflicts. When laying out, it is necessary to simultaneously consider the construction space, equipment installation space, and future inspection and maintenance space (pay attention to the setting of maintenance doors and maintenance tracks).

二、 支、吊架施工工藝

2、 Construction process of supports and hangers

工藝要點(diǎn)：

Key points of the process:

① 應(yīng)保證支、吊架與管線安裝牢固可靠，成排管道安裝應(yīng)在同一個(gè)支架上，支、吊架排列美觀整齊，刷漆鮮亮。

① It should be ensured that the installation of supports, hangers, and pipelines is firm and reliable. Rows of pipelines should be installed on the same bracket, and the supports and hangers should be arranged neatly and aesthetically, with bright paint.

② 支架倒角打磨處理，倒角光滑。

② The bracket is chamfered and polished to ensure smooth chamfering.

③ 管線間距合理，并留出保溫距離。

③ The distance between pipelines should be reasonable and insulation distance should be reserved.

④ 保溫管道支、吊架采用木托作為隔冷、隔熱的系統(tǒng)U型卡子應(yīng)采用扁鋼制作。扁鋼寬度應(yīng)與木托一致，U型卡子應(yīng)與木托嚴(yán)密貼合。

④ The insulation pipeline supports and hangers should be made of flat steel using wooden brackets as the U-shaped clamps for the cooling and insulation system. The width of the flat steel should be consistent with the wooden support, and the U-shaped clip should tightly fit the wooden support.

⑤ 型鋼大小選用合理，采用開(kāi)孔器開(kāi)孔，嚴(yán)禁氣焊開(kāi)孔。螺栓下口統(tǒng)一外露2-3絲，不超過(guò)絲桿直徑的1/2。

⑤ The size of the section steel should be selected reasonably, and a hole opener should be used for opening. Gas welding is strictly prohibited for opening. The lower end of the bolt is uniformly exposed for 2-3 threads, not exceeding 1/2 of the diameter of the screw rod.

⑥ 管線集中處、轉(zhuǎn)彎處、分支處、大口徑閥門(mén)及配件兩端應(yīng)增設(shè)支、吊架進(jìn)行承托，支、吊架間距應(yīng)符合規(guī)范要求。

⑥ Supports and hangers should be added at the concentration, turns, branches, and both ends of large-diameter valves and accessories of pipelines for support, and the spacing between supports and hangers should meet the specification requirements.

三、電纜橋架施工工藝

3、 Construction process of cable tray

工藝要點(diǎn)：

Key points of the process:

① 應(yīng)使用成品配件。供貨商無(wú)明確配件尺寸或尺寸數(shù)據(jù)不足，按此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格執(zhí)行。

① Finished accessories should be used. The supplier does not specify the size of the accessories or the size data is insufficient. Please follow this standard specification.

② 橋架翻彎時(shí)，若很大電纜直徑小于70mm，橋架翻彎角度不大于30度，電纜很大直徑小于等于50時(shí)，翻彎角度不大于45度。

② When the bridge is bent, if the diameter of the large cable is less than 70mm, the bending angle of the bridge should not exceed 30 degrees. When the diameter of the large cable is less than or equal to 50, the bending angle should not exceed 45 degrees.

③ 為保證大截面電纜在小橋架中敷設(shè)時(shí)，滿足電纜彎曲半徑要求，L應(yīng)滿足L≥10D-W/2。

③ To ensure that the cable bending radius requirement is met when laying large cross-section cables in small bridges, L should meet L ≥ 10D-W/2.

④ 金屬電纜橋架水平敷設(shè)時(shí)距地高度一般不宜低于2.5M，垂直敷設(shè)時(shí)距地1.8m時(shí)應(yīng)加金屬蓋板保護(hù)（配電室、電井、技術(shù)層專用場(chǎng)所除外）。

④ When laying metal cable trays horizontally, the height from the ground should generally not be less than 2.5M. When laying vertically, a metal cover plate should be added to protect them when they are 1.8m above the ground (except for distribution rooms, electrical wells, and technical floor dedicated areas).

⑤ 直線段鋼制電纜架長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)30m、鋁合金或玻璃鋼制電纜橋架長(zhǎng)度超過(guò)15m設(shè)有伸縮節(jié)；電纜橋架跨越建筑物變形縫處設(shè)置補(bǔ)償裝置。

⑤ A straight section steel cable rack with a length exceeding 30m, and an aluminum alloy or fiberglass cable tray with a length exceeding 15m are equipped with expansion joints; Install compensation devices at the deformation joints where the cable tray crosses the building.

⑥ 當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)無(wú)要求時(shí)，水平支架安裝間距1.5—3m，垂直安裝的支架間距不大于2m，保持間距均勻，在進(jìn)出按線盒、箱、柜、轉(zhuǎn)角、轉(zhuǎn)彎、變形縫兩端及丁字接頭的三端,調(diào)高調(diào)低接頭間0.5M設(shè)置一個(gè)支架。

⑥ When there are no design requirements, the installation spacing of horizontal brackets is 1.5-3m, and the spacing of vertically installed brackets is not more than 2m. Maintain a uniform spacing, and set a bracket at 0.5m between the inlet and outlet of the junction box, box, cabinet, corner, turning, deformation joint ends, and the three ends of the T-joint.

⑦ 橋架與支架間螺栓、橋架連接板螺栓固定緊固無(wú)遺漏，螺母位于橋架外側(cè)；當(dāng)鋁合金橋架與鋼支架固定時(shí)，有相互間絕緣的防電化腐蝕措施。

⑦ The bolts between the bridge and the bracket, as well as the bolts on the bridge connecting plate, are fixed firmly without any omissions, and the nuts are located on the outer side of the bridge; When the aluminum alloy bridge is fixed to the steel bracket, there are insulation measures to prevent electrochemical corrosion between them.

⑧ 電纜橋架敷設(shè)在易燃易爆氣體管道和熱力管道的下方，當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)無(wú)要求時(shí)，與管道的很小凈距，應(yīng)符合規(guī)定。

⑧ The cable tray is laid below flammable and explosive gas pipelines and thermal pipelines. When there are no design requirements, the clear distance from the pipeline should be very small and comply with regulations.

⑨ 電纜配線時(shí)，橋架、線槽、管子的彎曲半徑不應(yīng)小于電纜很小彎曲半徑。

⑨ When wiring cables, the bending radius of cable trays, trunking, and pipes should not be less than the very small bending radius of the cable.

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